Abstraction
Vol.52, No.4
Governance Research. Part II. The Multiplicity
Introduction
Yi-Tung
Chang (Assistant Professor, Department of Social Development, National Pingtung
University)
Special Issue Article
1. The
Evolution of Taiwan’s Environmental Governance after World War II: An
Ecological Modernization Approach
Hsin-Hsun
Huang (Post-Doctor Research Fellow, Department of Land Economics, National
Chengchi University)
Shih-Jung
Hsu (Professor, Department of Land Economics, National Chengchi University)
2. The
Endogenous Conflicts and Political Negotiation in Cultural Governance
Chih-Hung
Wang (Professor, Graduate Institute of Building and Planning,
National
Taiwan University)
3. Risk
Governance of Techno-science Issues in Democratization of Science: Discussing
Technocratic Risk Communication, Public Perception on Risk and Public
Mobilization in the Case of Kuokuang Petrochemical Development Projects
Ming-Ying
Lee (Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Providence
University)
4. Thoughts
on “Arm’s-Length”: Governance and Accountability of Quasi-Governmental
Organizations in Taiwan
Tien-Shen
Li (Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, National Taiwan
University)
5. The
Preliminary Study of Constructing the Indicators of City Climate Risk
Governance
Keng-Ming
Hsu (Department of Public Administration and Management, National University of
Tainan)
Research Note
6. Taiwan’s
Response to the Global Governance of Gender Violence: To Explore the Aspects of
Marital Violence Intervention
Joh-Jong
Huang (Director, Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University
Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital)
Ko-Li
Chang (Associate Professor, College of Humanity and Administration, Fooyin
University)
Vincent
Shieh (Associate Professor, Graduate School of Gender Education, National
Normal University)
Special Issue Article
The Evolution of Taiwan’s Environmental Governance
after World War II: An Ecological Modernization Approach
Hsin-Hsun
Huang (Post-Doctor Research Fellow, Department of Land Economics, National
Chengchi University)
Shih-Jung
Hsu (Professor, Department of Land Economics, National Chengchi University)
Taiwan, in the pursuit of industrialization and modernization,
achieved a remarkable record of economic growth after World War II while facing
the predicament of environmental insustainability. With the deterioration of
environmental problems as well as the rise in Taiwan’s politico-economic
reforms since the 1970s, environmental issues were gradually brought into
Taiwan’s public agenda. Taiwan’s environmental governance system has been
subsequently constructed, and the idea of “sustainable development” becomes the
main environmental discourse. How does the idea take shape in Taiwan? What are
the process and the effects of environmental reforms? What would its prospects
and limits be? This study attempts to grasp the shifts of Taiwan’s
environmental governance after WWII, and explores whether or not it could lead
Taiwan towards ecological sustainability. Authors employ the theory of
“ecological modernization” to analyze Taiwan’s development course because of
the similarity between the evolution of its environmental governance and what
the theory contends, and point out that related changes are mostly confined to
technology and institutions in form without reaching to the transformation of
political-economic structure and social value.
Keywords:
environmental governance, ecological modernization, sustainable development,
industrial evolution
The Endogenous Conflicts and Political Negotiation in
Cultural Governance
Chih-Hung
Wang (Professor, Graduate Institute of Building and Planning,
National
Taiwan University)
Cultural strategies are critical for urban and regional development,
yet these strategies contain endogenous conflicts which are often overlooked.
This author uses the idea of culture governance regime to conceptualize the
structural dynamics of cultural development, and outlined these endogenous
conflicts: (1) Although the diversity in the definition of culture is good for
grafting to the political, economic and social fields of governance, it implies
uncertainty and tension. (2) The grafting of culture and politics facilitates
hegemony, yet it also induces conflict between order and transgression. (3) The
grafting of culture and economy functions as cultural regulation, while it
causes a dispute between universalism and particularism. (4) The grafting of
culture and the social establishes a hierarchy of distinction, but also induced
tension between solidarity and classification. (5) These conflicts imply a
contradictory but coexisting structural tendency of civilization and
enchantment. Finally, the author discusses the potential solution for these
conflicts and finds that there is no simple way to settle them but multiple
approaches with different political values.
Keywords:
cultural governance, cultural policy, conflict, civilizing, enchanting
Risk Governance of Techno-science Issues in
Democratization of Science: Discussing Technocratic Risk Communication, Public Perception
on Risk and Public Mobilization in the Case of Kuokuang Petrochemical
Development Projects
Ming-Ying
Lee (Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Providence
University)
Technology development is like a knife with two-sided edges. On the
one side, technology drives economic development; one the other side,
technology brings about a lot of risks at the expense of ecology. In the
process of decision-making on techno-science issues, risk communication can
endure capability of risk governance of the states. In three waves of
democratization of science, ‘public engagement in science’ is an emerging
tendency. Public engagement will result in effects of public mobilization.
In Taiwan, one of controversial techno-science issues in recent
years is whether Kuokuang petrochemical projects should develop. This study
draws such a case to discuss the ways of different actors dealing with risk
communication on techno-science issues. This study argued that technocrat
deliberately attenuated risks related to local people. However, local people
were forced to adopt themselves coexisting with risks. Moreover, this study
argued that dissidents made a good use of media and took multilevel actions for
public mobilization. Hence, public perception on risk was reconstructed. Ripple
effect on social amplification of risk was shown.
Keywords:
democratization of science, public mobilization, risk communication, risk
governance, risk perception
Thoughts on “Arm’s-Length”: Governance and
Accountability of Quasi-Governmental Organizations in Taiwan
Tien-Shen
Li (Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, National Taiwan
University)
GFNPOs and NDPBs are considered quasi-governmental organizations in
Taiwan. This paper begins with a broad introduction to “arm’s-length”, and
discusses its local contexts. The findings are as follows. First, the
strengthening of congressional oversights over GFNPOs and NDPBs is reasonable,
while it is also important to maintain the balance between external
accountability and autonomy. Second, presumably, the oversights over NDPBs
should be more intensive then GFNPOs, and therefore the congressional budget
reviews, the property declarations of board members, and the salary ceiling
need to be re-examined. Third, to reinforce the internal accountability of
GFNPOs and NDPBs, competent authorities should emphasize the importance of the
boards and the improvements of boards’ professional capacity. Fourth, this
paper argues that the increases of informational transparency and internal
auditing can enforce the self-discipline of these organizations. Finally, it is
suggested that GFNPOs with higher publicness may be transformed to NDPBs.
Keywords:
arm’s-length, quasi-governmental organizations, Government-Funded Nonprofit
Organizations (GFNPOs), Non-Departmental Public Bodies (NDPBs), accountability
The Preliminary Study of Constructing the Indicators
of City Climate Risk Governance
Keng-Ming
Hsu (Department of Public Administration and Management, National University of
Tainan)
Due to the climatic anomalies, the alternation between flooding and
drought usually occur around the world. Because of climate change and other
factors, resulting in increased opportunities for risk with countries. Taiwan
is a high disaster risk area, climate and environmental change factors will
highlight the seriousness of the risk and vulnerability issues. High-density
development areas in cities are where is prone to disasters.
High degree of uncertainty of climate change, vulnerability factors
in large scale disasters and the need of having corresponding ability to
prevent and the disposal are all risk factors of climate governance. Therefore,
this study is to understand the impact of climate change for the city, hoping
to build a system of indicators to allow risk assessments for more specific
reference.
For lacking of relevant urban climate governance literature in
domestic academic, so the main purpose of this study is to learn elements and
indicators of climate risk governance from existing relevant literature.
Followed by using Delphi method, advisory specialist and the analytic hierarchy
process and finally we summarize three dimensions, fourteen secondary elements
and thirty-six indicators of urban climate risk governance evaluation system.
This indicator system can provide the subsequent research with
foundation in “indicator system” aspect which is to consider ideal candidate,
value of indicators, verification of indicators and statistics and publications
of index data. Moreover, in “coping city climate risk” aspect, we need to focus
on improvement of indicators, appropriate management, critical assessment of
specific projects, and the degree and scope that indicators affected by
environmental structural factors.
Keywords:
city, climate risk, risk governance, indicator, delphi
Research Note
Taiwan’s Response to the Global Governance of Gender
Violence: To Explore the Aspects of Marital Violence Intervention
Joh-Jong
Huang (Director, Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University
Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital)
Ko-Li
Chang (Associate Professor, College of Humanity and Administration, Fooyin
University)
Vincent
Shieh (Associate Professor, Graduate School of Gender Education, National
Normal University)
In the late 20th century, global governance swept worldwide in
accompany with international organizations and enterprises. The influence of
the global governance might be rather dominant as with the legitimization of
nation-states’ responses to the international agreement. However, skew and
incoherent values can be raised as local community responses to the global
governance.
Global governance of gender violence is rooted in the concern of the
violation of women’s right. However, gender violence is frequently intersected
gender with class, ethnic, religion, culture, etc. Equality of right might
compromise equity while only gender is under consideration, instead of the
context and the history.
Marital violence intervention in Taiwan began from the advocacy of
elites and lawmakers under the influence of the global governance. Due to lack
of social consensus, the law and associated policies were obviously not
bottom-up. Marital violence intervention was successfully legitimized in
Taiwan, but with impaired legitimacy.
Keywords:
global governance, gender mainstreaming, modernity, marital violence,
patriarchy
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