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Abstraction Vol.50, No.3

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Research Article

1. Between Academic Logistics and Education Frontline: The Bridging Labor of College Administrative Secretaries
Yi-Tze Chen, MSSc., Graduate Institute for Social Transformation Studies, Shih Hsin University,
Chih-Hung Wang   Associate Professor, Graduate Institute of Building and Planning, National Taiwan University

2. The Consumption of McDonald for Primary School Children: A Social-Cultural Study on Focus Groups
Li-Jung Wang, Professor, Graduate Institute of Hakka Social and Cultural Studies, National Central University
Shou-Cheng Lai, Assistant Professor, Department of Bio-industry Communication and Development, National Taiwan University
Min-Hui Fong, Teacher, Elementary School of Dong Men, Taoyuan County

3. Tourist Gaze as the Cultural Governance: Jiangs, Mainland Tourists and the (De)Politicization of Tourism
Chun-Kai Woo, Ph.D Student, Department of Geography, National Taiwan University

4. Cultural Reproduction and Gender in Nationalism: On the Gendered Nationalist Project of the Sorbian Minority in Germany
Fen-Fang Tsai, Assistant Professor, Graduate Institute of Hakka Social and Cultural Studies, National Central University

Research Note
1. On Intergenerational Justice
Chung-Cheng Huang, Assistant Professor, Institute of Law for Science and Technology, National Tsing Hua University

Book Review
1. A Review Essay on The Development History of the Academic Discipline in the Republic of China edited by Fan-Sen Wang
Chi-Kin Au, Assistant Professor, History Department, Hong Kong Shue Yan University




Research Article

Between Academic Logistics and Education Frontline: The Bridging Labor of College Administrative Secretaries

Yi-Tze Chen
MSSc., Graduate Institute for Social Transformation Studies, Shih Hsin University,

Chih-Hung Wang
Associate Professor, Graduate Institute of Building and Planning, National Taiwan University

This article examines the labor conditions and responses of the college administrative secretaries, and focuses on their bridging labor of coping with multi-domains works between academic logistics and education frontline under the trends towards marketing and performance efficiency in higher education. Facing the administrative tasks, bureaucratic processes and emotional labor demands, these secretaries involved diverse social relationships and formed particular responses and mindsets of themselves. These secretaries take different images of “underground director”, the housekeeper or the office-angel, trying to manipulate and maintain the boundaries for self-protection and negotiation, and leading to the domestication of emotions or emotional resistance. And the senior secretaries might count on their experience and knowledge to exercise power and avoid job stress. However, they tend to individual resistance rather than organize themselves into a group with negotiating power.

Keywords: secretary, bridging labor, emotional labor, higher education, boundary-making



The Consumption of McDonald for Primary School Children: A Social-Cultural Study on Focus Groups

Li-Jung Wang
Professor, Graduate Institute of Hakka Social and Cultural Studies, National Central University

Shou-Cheng Lai
Assistant Professor, Department of Bio-industry Communication and Development, National Taiwan University

Min-Hui Fong
Teacher, Elementary School of Dong Men, Taoyuan County

Childhood consumerism is viewed as an important issue in the educational arena. Contemporary children have increasingly abundant knowledge regarding advertisements, brands, commodities, and mass media; and their knowledge and desire for commodities are becoming a new challenge for families and educators. This paper discusses the consumption of McDonald’s products by primary school children in Taiwan. Basing our research on focus groups, we will explore the problems of consumption learning and social reproduction; and the parent/child relationship.
This paper argues that the economic, social and cultural differences of families influence the McDonald’s experience. For younger children, parents are the driving force behind McDonald’s consumerism, and there is little or no negotiation between the two generations. For older children, however, the impact of mass media and advertising is clearly seen in their consumer choices regarding McDonald’s. These differing influences bear out Bourdieu’s theory that McDonald’s consumption is a social or cultural practice that does more to establish social differences than economic ones.

Keywords: children, consumption, McDonald’s, fast food, the sociology of food



Tourist Gaze as the Cultural Governance: Jiangs, Mainland Tourists and the (De)Politicization of Tourism

Chun-Kai Woo
Ph.D Student, Department of Geography, National Taiwan University

Regarding tourism gaze as cultural governance, this paper analyses the official and media discourses about the planning of the Cultural Resort of the Jiang and the opening of Mainland Tourist to Taiwan and discusses how tourism discourses represent otherness in the tourist landscape. I find that discourses provide an economic imagination by highlighting policies’ economic benefit and concealing their political meaning in order to depoliticize the political aspects of Cross-Strait tourism. In the context of depoliticized economic imagination, Taoyuan County Government promotes the concept of “Jiangs” as a tourism theme image and emphasize the economical benefit of “Jiangs” to the local as well as the state, while the hidden is the political controversy of Jiangs’ governance in Taiwan.
Also, the ruling Kuomintang government, insisting on the principle of “shelving differences”, regards the visiting of Mainland Tourist as an economic opportunity for the Cross-Strait tourism development and depoliticizes the political controversy in the trans-border mobility of Mainland Tourist. However, the political controversy cannot be shelved but only concealed. Allowing Mainland Tourist to tour Taiwan independently reveals the contradiction between the economic integration and political controversy in the Cross-Strait relation.

Keywords: Tourist gaze, Taiwan, Mainland Tourist, Cultural Resort of the Jiangs, Cultural governance



Cultural Reproduction and Gender in Nationalism: On the Gendered Nationalist Project of the Sorbian Minority in Germany

Fen-Fang Tsai
Assistant Professor, Graduate Institute of Hakka Social and Cultural Studies, National Central University

Drawing on the intersections of gender, nation and nationalism, this study aims to disclose the gendered aspect involved in the Sorbian national project in Germany. The process in which Sorbian women are integrated and get involved in national project is rendered visible in the concept of “serbska mać” (the Sorbian Mother) who are made the bearers of the Sorbian culture, language, tradition and ethnicity in the Sorbian discourse.
However, as the empirical data based on women’s life experiences shows, the concept of tradition usually deemed as “the given” content of culture is transformed from the continuity of the past to social practice. Tradition is no longer a static ethnic and cultural essence and attribute, but rather engendered in the process of reinvention and re-interpretation, and it is dynamic and changing. Sorbian women dressed in traditional Sorbian costumes are not seen as the representatives of Sorbian culture any more, rather the acting agents whose dress practices illustrate the intertwining of social practices and life experiences. The connotation of the traditional Sorbian costumes thus extends from the single dimension of ethnic symbol to multiple identities constructed by the intersections of gender, ethnicity, culture and society.

Keywords: The Sorbs, nationalism, cultural reproduction, gender, traditional costumes



Research Note

On Intergenerational Justice

Chung-Cheng Huang
Assistant Professor, Institute of Law for Science and Technology, National Tsing Hua University

How should the resources between the generations be distributed in order to be considered just? Today, “intergenerational justice” has become the most discussed topics in various fields.
In the present article, I aim to answer the following key questions:
1. What is intergenerational justice?
2. Why is intergenerational justice important?
3. How do we ensure intergenerational justice?
First of all, what is intergenerational justice? With this question, I aim to clarify the concept of intergenerational justice. The second question seeks to discuss the ethical foundation of intergenerational justice. Next, I plan to shed light on how intergenerational justice should be ensured in the (social) system. Finally, I will make suggestions about how we can ensure intergenerational justice in the (social) system in Taiwan.

Keywords: Generation, Justice, Intergenerational justice, Social justice



Book Review

A Review Essay on The Development History of the Academic Discipline in the Republic of China edited by Fan-Sen Wang

Chi-Kin Au
Assistant Professor, History Department, Hong Kong Shue Yan University

The direction of recent academic trends tends towards professionalism. Undoubtedly, tertiary institutes play a crucial role in nurturing professionals of various academic disciplines by developing programmes and courses systematically, recognising professional bodies, and publishing scholarly work. While the Republic of China celebrated the centenary of her establishment in 2012, the National Chengchi University formed a sizeable team to write and edit The Development History of the Academic Discipline in the Republic of China, aiming at letting more people know the establishment and development of the Republic of China and share with people the Republic’s outstanding achievements.
The Development History of the Academic Discipline in the Republic of China consists of a series of six books, covering different areas including: “academic development”, “politics and legal systems”, “social development”, “literature and arts”, and “education and cultures”. The books provide valuable information about the development of the Republic in different aspects since her establishment, from 1912 to 2012. In particular, the two books about “academic development”, edited by Professor Fan-Sen Wang, provide readers with both macro and micro views on the Republic’s development in various academic disciplines through assembling the viewpoints from different scholars. Through reading these books, readers would have a more thorough understanding of the unique character of the academic development in Taiwan.

Keywords: The Academic Discipline in the Republic of China, internationalized the academic product, transplant the academic discipline